Friday, December 27, 2019
Prosody Systematic Study of the Meter of Poetry
Prosody is a technical term used in linguistics and poetry to describe the patterns, rhythms or meters of a language. Prosody can refer to the rules for the pronunciation of a language as well as its versification. The correct pronunciation of words includes: enunciation,proper accentingmaking sure each syllable has its required length Syllable Length Syllable length doesnt seem terribly important for pronunciation in English. Take a word like laboratory. It looks as though it should be divided syllabically into: la-bo-ra-to-ry So it appears to have 5 syllables, but when someone from the U.S. or U.K. pronounces it, there are only 4. Oddly, the 4 syllables arent the same. Americans heavily stress the first syllable. lab-ra-,to-ry In the U.K. you probably hear: la-bor-a-,try When we stress a syllable, we hold it an extra time. The Latin for time is tempus and the word for the duration of time, especially in linguistics, is mora. Two short syllables or morae count for one long syllable. Latin and Greek have rules about whether a given syllable is long or short. More than in English, length is very important. Why You Need to Know About Prosody Whenever you read ancient Greek or Latin poetry you are reading the writing of a man or woman who has replaced the mundane with the loftier speech of poetry. Part of the flavor of the poetry is conveyed by the tempo of the words. To read the poetry woodenly without trying to grasp the tempo would be like reading sheet music without playing it even mentally. If such an artistic rationale doesnt motivate you to try to learn about Greek and Roman meter, hows this? Understanding the meter will help you to translate. Foot A foot is a unit of a meter in poetry. A foot will usually have 2, 3 or 4 syllables in Greek and Latin poetry. 2 Morae (Remember: one short syllable has one time or mora.) A foot composed of two short syllables is called pyrrhic. A pyrrhic foot would have two times or morae. 3 Morae A trochee is a long syllable followed by a short and an iam(b) is a short syllable followed by a long. Both of these have 3 morae. 4 Morae A foot with 2 long syllables is called a spondee. A spondee would have 4 morae. Uncommon feet, like the dispondee, can have 8 morae, and there are special, long patterned ones, like the Sapphic, named after the famous woman poet Sappho of Lesbos. Trisyllabic Feet There are eight possible feet based on three syllables. The two most common are: the dactyl, which is named visually for the finger, (long, short, short)the anapest (short, short, long). Feet of four or more syllables are compound feet. Verse A verse is a line of poetry using feet according to a specified pattern or meter. A meter can refer to a single foot in a verse. If you have a verse made up of dactyls, each dactyl is a meter. A meter is not always a single foot. For instance, in a line of iambic trimeter, each meter or metron (pl. metra or metrons) consists of two feet. Dactylic Hexameter If the meter is dactyl, with 6 meters in the verse, you have a line of dactylic hexameter. If there are only five meters, it is pentameter. Dactylic hexameter is the meter that was used in epic poetry or heroic poetry. There is one additional important bit of confusing information: the meter used in dactylic hexameter can be either dactyl (long, short, short) or a spondee (long, long). Meter for the AP Exam For the AP Latin - Vergil Exam, students need to know dactylic hexameters and be able to determine the length of each syllable. ââ¬âUU|ââ¬âUU|ââ¬âUU|ââ¬âUU|ââ¬âUU|ââ¬âX. The last syllable may be taken to be long since the sixth foot is treated as a spondee. Except in the fifth syllable, a long syllable can replace the two shorts (UU).
Thursday, December 19, 2019
Finance Questionnaire - 1443 Words
Chapter 12 Question Baxter Video Products sales are expected to increase by 20% from $5M in 2010 to $6M in 2011. Its assets totaled $3M at the end of 2010. Baxter is already at full capacity, so its assets must grow at the same rate as projected sales. At the end of 2010, current liabilities were $1M, consisting of $250K of accounts payable, $500K of notes payable, and $250K of accruals. The after-tax profit margin is forecasted to be 5%, and the forecasted payout ratio is 70%. Use the AFN equation to forecast Baxters additional funds needed for the coming year. S0 = $5,000,000 g = 20% S1 = S0 * (1+g) S1 = $5M * (1+20%) S1 = $6,000,000 gS0 = $1,000,000 (Change in Sales) A0* = $3,500,000 A0*/S0 = 70% L0* = $1,000,000 L0*/S0 = 20% Profit Margin = 5% Payout Ratio (POR)= 70% AFN = (A0*/S0) S (L0*/S0) S S1 * M * (1-POR) AFN = (70%*1,000,000) (20%*1,000,000) ($6,000,000*5%*(1-70%)) AFN = 700,000 200,000 90,000 AFN = 410,000 Chapter 13 Question Explain how it is possible for sales growth to decrease the value of a profitable company. A company can be profitable and yet have an Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) that is less than the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), if the company has large capital requirements. If the ROIC is less than the WACC, then the company is not earning enough on its capital to satisfy investors. Growth adds even more capital that is not satisfying investors, hence, growth decreases value. 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Wednesday, December 11, 2019
Demand and Supply of Petrochemical Products
Question: Discuss about theDemand and Supply of Petrochemical Products. Answer: Introduction: Oil (petroleum) is one of the valuable natural energy sources in the world. The introduction thus must talk about how scarce it is. Other than being used as fuel for energy and transport, it is also used for creating petrochemical products. Petrochemical goods, such as plastic, appliances, solar panel, automobile parts, bullet proof vests and others utilize roughly 5% of worlds annual supply of oil. Arguably, the modern oil era started from 1901. The consumption of petroleum was mostly dominated by fuel users before that. In the long run, oil faces a demand curve almost as elastic as a life-saving drug. Its abundance and high demand make its price a crucial driving force in an economy. The increasing number of oilfields can hardly compete with the growing demand faced by the petroleum market. Currently, demand for crude oil is around 90 million barrels per day, which is four times of the discovery rate of oil reservoirs (Ji and Fan 2012). The United States is the biggest oil consumin g country, followed by China, India, and Japan. Russia, Saudi Arabia, United States of America, Iraq and China are the first five countries in the list of highest oil producing countries. Demand and Supply of oil is a more complex concept than that of any other goods. The idea of demand and supply is used to find out the equilibrium price of a commodity. Theoretically, if the demand for a good increases or supply of the good decreases, the price of the good increases. Again, a drop in the demand for that good or the increase in the supply makes the price of the good go down. This whole process takes place at the same timeframe (Bowen and Sosa 2014). This is how the market mechanism works for most of the common goods (Cashin 2014). In the case of oil, the present price depends on the future price of oil, at a certain predefined period of time. This mechanism takes place at the Oil futures market. Oil futures contract binds the supplier and the consumer to make a transaction under its regulations. This mechanism helps the operating individuals of the market to lock in an agreeable price which minimizes the risk of a financial loss. Two types of future traders are presen t in this scenario, hedgers and speculators. Hedgers are those traders, who trade a futures contract to protect himself from price changes in his product, in future. Speculators are those who use futures contract as an investment in the stock market to earn a profit. They buy a futures contract, whose price they expect to rise in the future and sell the contracts when the price is likely to fall. The increasing population results in increasing demand for vehicles. More vehicles require more units of fuel, which directly or indirectly comes from petroleum. The growing rate of the population also increases the requirement of petrochemical goods. Hence, it can be said that, the demand for oil is rising with the steep increase in population and that they are positively correlated. The number of consumers is much bigger than the number of suppliers in the petroleum market. It leaves the consumer side of the market with very little power to influence the market price, unlike producers. Sa udi Arabia, producing thirteen percent of the total oil production, currently ranks one in the table of top oil producing countries. The United States of America is the 2nd top oil producing country, producing twelve percent of the total oil production. Seasonal changes in weather also affect the demand for petroleum in most of the countries. For example, in winter more hitting oil is used by people, which is not the case in summer. Oil is sold and bought in world market using US dollars. Therefore, a change in the exchange value of dollar plays a huge role in determining the demand for petroleum. If the value of US dollar depreciates the demand for oil and petrochemical goods will increase, vice-versa. The process of oil extraction, supply and oil wells position in the map also play huge roles in determining the price of petroleum in a country (Anandan and Ramaswamy 2016). The price of oil in Australia is arguably rising more than that in the countries which are closer to the oil p roducing countries due to the adding cost of carrying the petroleum from countries like Russia, Middle East, and South East Asia, etc. Supply of oil can be affected by various reasons. For example, political unrests between countries might change prices of petroleum and petrochemical goods (Hou, Mountain and Wu 2016). After the Ukraine issue, Russia has disrupted trade with the European Union and Australia. The Brexit issue made oil trade more costly for Australia. Supply of oil also depends on OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries). It is a consortium of 13 oil producing countries, which are Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the Arab Emirates and Venezuela. 40 percent of worlds petroleum production is monitored by these member countries. Figure 1. Demand and supply for OPEC Source As created by author The above figure is showing the demand OPEC was facing in the year 2015 and 2016s 2nd quarter along with the aggregate supply. Oil speculation drives the investors to purchase or sell futures contracts which influence the market demand and supply of petroleum. In the year 2008, people thought speculators were buying more contracts (Kilian 2014). It led to a hike in oil prices ($140/barrel). The price fell to $30/barrel by the end of 2009 due to the rise in price, which was not backed up by an appropriate amount of demand. Recently, developing countries like China and India are demanding more petroleum which is affecting the global market for oil (Reboredo 2012). Conclusion: There are various other reasons which also play their respective parts in determining the demand and supply of oil like taste and preferences of the consumers, culture, GDP of a country, other natural resources present, etc. Oil is a scarce resource, which has a limit and can end in future. The rate of exhaustion is greater than the rate of discovery of new oil wells. All these reasons suggest that there will always be a gradual increase in oil price. But in reality, short run shocks are playing significant roles determining the price of petroleum and petrochemical goods. It increases, as well as decreases the price of oil over time (Peersman and Stevens 2013). References: Anandan, M. and Ramaswamy, S., 2016. Global Oil Market: Macro Economic Scenario. Global Journal For Research Analysis, 4(9). Bowen, W.G. and Sosa, J.A., 2014. Prospects for faculty in the arts and sciences: A study of factors affecting demand and supply, 1987 to 2012. Princeton University Press. Cashin, P., Mohaddes, K., Raissi, M. and Raissi, M., 2014. The differential effects of oil demand and supply shocks on the global economy. Energy Economics, 44, pp.113-134. Hou, K., Mountain, D. and Wu, T., 2016. Oil Price Shocks and Their Transmission Mechanism in an Oil-Exporting Economy: a VAR Analysis Informed by a DSGE Model. Journal of International Money and Finance. Ji, Q. and Fan, Y., 2012. How does oil price volatility affect non-energy commodity markets?. Applied Energy, 89(1), pp.273-280. Kilian, L., 2014. Oil price shocks: causes and consequences. Peersman, G. and Stevens, A., 2013. Analyzing Oil Demand and Supply Shocks in an Estimated DSGE Model. Ghent University unpublished manuscript. Reboredo, J.C., 2012. Modelling oil price and exchange rate co-movements. Journal of Policy Modeling, 34(3), pp.419-440.
Tuesday, December 3, 2019
Sports And Aggressive Behavior Essays (2654 words) -
Sports And Aggressive Behavior Sport and aggressive behavior, Do sports create aggressive behavior, or simply attract people who are already aggressive? Aggression and sport have gone together as long as sports have been around, be it the players themselves, to the parents, coaches, or spectators, they just seem to be an inseparable part of each other. The term violence is defined as physical assault based on total disregard for the well being of self and others, or the intent to injure another person ( 2. Coakley). Intimidation usually does not cause physical harm, but often is designed to produce psychological consequences, enabling one person to physically over power or dominate another. These statements as defined by the author, Jay J. Coakley, is what people today have made a must part on sport. Pleasure and participation sports absolutely cannot be grouped with power and performance sports when in relation to aggression.Pleasure sports are simply played for pleasure. Score is usually not kept. The athletes participating are usually on occasion doing it for fun and exercise. A majority of athletes who have been playing sports since they were little, have probably been pounded into their heads that to be successful in sport, you need to be aggressive, and at some times, unnecessary. Also that to get what you want, you have to go at it with all force. Not that this is wrong but, this attitude in today's society has been a major problem factor to the athletes when they get older, to get into trouble with the law. Those long-term effects of so called discipline, patterns develops these destructive behaviors. (9. Montague) Although some people are still in belief that aggressive behaviors in all forms, are grounded into instincts, but they also relate these actions to sports. Their parents played, who were known for their aggressive behavior, so the child feels that they have to live up to that expectation.( 6. Storr) Athletes do have to be aggressive to a point, so that the team can form a strategy to win. There is also a limit to aggression when it turns into violence. People might say that it's not aggression or violence, it's just adrenaline pumping. Adrenaline isn't even similar to violence. Aggression, maybe, but nothing that would be harmful to anyone else. This might be a factor to why contact sports are so popular. For example, football, hockey, rugby, wrestling, and boxing. Contrary to predictions of instinct theory, several studies show that contact sports exist and thrive in the same societies that have high rates of aggression and violence. Unfortunately, another belief is that contact sports teach discipline, self-respect, and self-defense. (8. May ) Contact sports aren't a positive way to teach these things. Being physically tough helps, but it also needs to be left on the field when the game is over. This can also lead to the abuse of family, girlfriends, boyfriends, friends, and any other person who gets in their ?way?, because athletes use these sports as a way to get their aggression and angers out. ( 10. Hauser, Powers, Noam ) Oth er's might argue that it's skill, and not in the least way violent. Although we really can't give a straight and to the point answer to the question ?Is aggression an Instinct We can say that in man, as in other animals, there exists a physiological mechanism, when stimulated, it rises both subjective feelings of anger and to physical changes, which relate to fighting. This is easily set off, and like other emotional responses, it is very stereotyped, and instinctive. Just like one person is like a very angry person; they resemble one another at the psychological level. The way in which humans adapt to and control their feelings of rage. ( 5. Toch) The mechanisms in which these body changes, the functions that come about is still completely misunderstood. ( 5. Toch) Experiments from animal's show that it appears that there is a small area from the base of the brain in which the feeling of anger starts. This, from which is sent to the nervous impulses that cause the blood pressure to rise. This area is called the hypothalamus. Its function is to coordinate responses like anger. ( 3
Wednesday, November 27, 2019
12 Steps to Writing a Research Proposal
12 Steps to Writing a Research Proposal A guideline on writing a research proposal. Follow 12 steps described in the article below to write a research proposal effectively. There is a number of useful tips that can be used for writing an effective thesis proposal. First, remember that a thesis proposal is generally written in a present or future tense. When you write your actual masterââ¬â¢s thesis, you will need to use past tense. Below you will find the main steps that will show you how to write a research proposal. Want to know more about what a research proposal is? Below is the article explaining what a research proposal is: WHAT IS A RESEARCH PROPOSAL? A Guideline on Writing a Research Proposal Step 1: Make a great introduction.à The part that is designed to capture your readerââ¬â¢s attention is the introduction to your master thesis proposal. It is a good idea to write it last, that way it is more likely to become interesting and you will sound like you know what to do. This recommendation might seem strange at first; however, itââ¬â¢s perfectly logical because once everything has been researched, written and checked, you will have a good picture of what the end product is like. With this picture in mind, itââ¬â¢s best to work on the introductory part of your paper last. Step 2: State the problem.à Voice your research question. You might want to restate it in the form of the sentence so that your reader understands it better. Step 3: Provide background.à Explain how the problem emerged. Give some background information on the issue you are going to research to substantiate the need for the problem resolution. Step 4: Declare the purpose.à You should necessarily mention the purpose of your dissertation in the thesis proposal. Step 5: State significance.à Mentioning the significance of the problem will add value to your research project. Step 6:à Explain methods.à Your reader should be aware of the methods your research project is going to utilize. Step 7: Review literature.à A masterââ¬â¢s research proposal is unthinkable without reviewing literature that is relevant to the topic of research. A thorough analysis of the literature sources should be conducted and clearly explained in the proposal. Do not forget to mention any alternative viewpoints on the topic; they might be useful in researching your question. Step 8: Formulate a clear hypothesis.à Hypothesis section sets the goal for the thesis. If it is clear and understandable, the entire research project will become clear and easy to carry out. Step 9: Define your terms.à Your proposal will be read by people who might not fully understand your dissertation and the terms it uses. You will need to provide a definition for every term you are using in your masterââ¬â¢s thesis. Step 10: Tell your reader about your research assumptions.à The research proposal for your masterââ¬â¢s thesis should contain the basic assumptions you are making while working on the essay. Step 11: Define scope and limitations.à Any research has its scope and limitations; you just canââ¬â¢t cover everything with just one research project. Clearly, state the limitations and scope for your study and outline possibility for subsequent research. Step 12: Explain the procedure.à Your reader should be aware of the procedure you are going to follow in the writing process. You will need to explain what and how will be done within the framework of your research. These simple steps will allow you to come up with a research proposal that will high chances of getting approved either by your advisor or the board of advisors. Once the research proposal is completed and approved, we can move on to reviewing the basic thesis structure. Here is a great list of research proposal topics: 50 RESEARCH PROPOSAL TOPICS FOR MASTERS DISSERTATION In case you want our writers to create a custom-written research proposal for you, let us know. All the outlined steps have proven their efficiency for getting the research proposal approved. We are also open to revising your research proposal outline and format until it becomes truly effective. Our writers can also review, revise and proofread your essay in case you have completed it yourself and want to have it reviewed by a professional writer. Whatever the case please visit the order page and we will start working on your research proposal.
Sunday, November 24, 2019
Empire of the Sun Essays
Empire of the Sun Essays Empire of the Sun Paper Empire of the Sun Paper Essay Topic: Film Steven Spielbergs film The Empire of the Sun, based on J G Ballards novel, follows the experience of James (Jim) Graham during the siege of Shanghai by the Japanese during the Pacific War of the 1940s. The film utilises a number of cinematographic effects so as to create atmosphere and depth, and successfully reaches viewers emotions. The film successfully employs imagery as a means for creating atmosphere. Throughout the film, underlying parallels can be observed, linking situations to other similar scenarios, which occur earlier in the film. In addition to imagery, music and sound affects are also central to the viewers overall appreciation of this film, and constitute an important part of the overall result. Characterisation, as could be expected, is also important for the viewers understanding of this text. In terms of filmic devices, a particularly important scene from this movie is that of coffins floating along the Yangtze (Yellow) River. This scene, which is accompanied by Suo Gan, involves the depiction of a number of coffins, presumably containing corpses, slowly drifting along the river in Shanghai. Although the viewer cannot be sure that these coffins are in some way connected with traditional custom, the theme of death and a definite end to life, involving the river, and the theme of the river as serving as some form of path towards an alternative existence is revisited, during a later stage of the film. Towards the conclusion of Empire of the Sun, Jim throws a suitcase into the Yangtze, in a symbolic gesture of putting an end to the past and allowing objects indicative of his past life to float along the river, towards an unknown end. The suitcase was another example of a filmic device employed in this movie. Jim often refers to it and appears to treasure its contents as providing some form of proof of his existence prior to his being taken by the Japanese. For Jim, the suitcase represented a link between the frustration of life in the camp and the relative serenity of his past existence. In addition to the underlying themes presented in this movie, cinematic affects also constitute an important part of the films overall ambience and charisma. The image of Jim alone in a deserted house, in an area of Shanghai occupied by expatriate taipans, is important for character development, as well as the development of a level of empathy towards this character on the part of the viewer. Jims relative inability to care for himself, as well as his childish response of taking advantage of his parents absence through riding a bicycle inside the empty house, shows to the viewer something of his vulnerability and innocence. His mad obsession with aeroplanes, which had already been highlighted prior to his parents disappearance, draws even more attention to his innocence and childishness. The frequent repetition and return to themes already explored in the film highlights to the viewer something of the way characters develop in their changed environment. The scene of Jim riding his bicycle indoors is repeated towards the end of this text, as he rides through the deserted rooms of the Japanese war camp. The intention of this scene is perhaps slightly unclear. The director could be attempting to highlight Jims resilience in the face of change and hardship, or perhaps his ability to retain childhood despite the ordeals against which he has come. Jims obsession with aeroplanes is in no way diminished by his experience of the Japanese war camp. He still holds pilots, even from the Japanese forces, in high regard, and this is well emphasized through the inclusion of a mystic sequence, put to the music of Suo Gan. The sequence involves the depiction of a commissioning ceremony for kamikaze pilots. Jim, presumably moved by the solemnity and dignity of the ceremony, sings loudly. The use of camera angles in this sequence is original and successfully highlights to viewers the bizarre yet somehow touching significance of the sequence. The symbolism of the red setting sun as the kamikaze pilots fly towards the horizon could be seen as being indicative of the looming sunset on Japanese Imperialism. The mystic sequence comes abruptly to an end with an American air raid on the prison camp. The scenes of devastation which follow the air raid, and the exodus of former prisoners flooding from the camp towards a brighter future are well depicted in this film. The particularly memorable usage of camera angles so as to draw attention to the large number of ex-prisoners leaving the camp is successful. Another significant theme of this movie is the confused and sentimental encounter between a Japanese soldier who had befriended Jim during the war and Jim himself. The two meet in the derelict and devastated surrounds of the former prison camp. Now able to show their mutual respect for each other, the Japanese soldier draws his sword, with the intention of assisting Jim is slicing a fruit. Misinterpreting this gesture, the rather hasty and rash figure of Basie, an American who assists Jim during the war, draws his gun and shoots at the Japanese soldier, mortally wounding him. Jim, horrified by this event, attempts to resuscitate the dead Japanese prison guard, whilst repeating I can bring everyone back in a fatigued yet compulsive manner. Throughout the movie one aspect, which could perhaps be improved, is that of dialogue and inter-character relations. Speech between characters is sometimes awkward and incredible. The relations between Basie, Frank and Jim are at times frustratingly badly constructed. At times Jim acts too foolishly and childishly for someone of his age, and this is particularly apparent through his loud outburst upon seeing B51 aeroplanes during an air raid on the prison camp in which he is detained. Mrs. Victor and her partner are sometimes too cold and sterile to be believed, especially as one considers the hardship and adversity faced by these two figures. Jims bizarre ability to be able to tame the anger of the Japanese guards is also hard to believe at times. Dialogue within the British community, as depicted in the commencing scenes of the movie, is well constructed and readily believable. Relations between Jim and his parents are very well depicted. Camera angle and music are especially well employed in the scenes of street life in Shanghai, as well as at the costume party attended by Jamies parents. Filmic devices are, for the most part, well suited for transmitting important themes and successful in achieving a high level of empathy between viewers and characters. In conclusion, director Steven Spielberg successfully uses images, sound, music and dialogue to develop the story line of the film and to create a believable and human atmosphere in this movie.
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Iclude 2 in-text citations and place the reference on the reference Essay
Iclude 2 in-text citations and place the reference on the reference page - Essay Example the company launches in the market having many variations, Samsung is confident that their customers will never run out of choices in terms of the products that will truly satisfy their needs and preferences. Samsung has a wide variety of businesses including advanced technology, semiconductors, skyscraper and plant construction, petrochemicals, fashion, medicine, finance, and hotels (Samsung, 2012). The impact of new competition on Samsungââ¬â¢s financial performance is more of a negative one. This is because the new competitors have only forced the company to spend more in order to produce more differentiated products and keep up with the intense competition. Unfortunately, the new competitors of Samsung especially from China have been able to establish a strong presence in the markets, which has contributed to the decline in the sales of Samsungââ¬â¢s products and a decline in profitability (Siegel, 2009). The negative impacts of the recent economic crisis do not help Samsung at all, as majority of the consumers have decided to spend less and save more. Thus, it is safe to say that Samsung has really become troubled by the emergence of new competitors and the threats that they continue to pose to the financial profitability of the company. A new marketing strategy that Samsung should consider in reaction to new Chinese competition is one that will highlight the excellent quality and significant value of its products. It is important for Samsung to emphasize on its marketing strategy that not one of their competitors can be able to match the superior quality and value that their products are able to provide. This should help in gaining the trust and confidence of the consumers to try Samsung products and personally experience their benefits. Aside from this, Samsung has to be willing to spend for advertisements as a form of a marketing strategy, which will help to inform the public about the superior quality and value that their products are able to provide (Grant,
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